At the 2026 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) meeting in Madrid, a record‑setting 47 research projects from China were chosen for oral presentation, signaling a surge in the country’s influence on global cancer research. The selected studies span a wide range of cutting‑edge topics, from novel drug candidates that can cross the blood‑brain barrier to treat aggressive brain tumors, to innovative antibody‑drug conjugates targeting solid cancers, and groundbreaking bispecific antibodies aimed at EGFR and cMET pathways. Highlights include a first‑in‑human trial of the BRAF inhibitor HSK42360 for BRAF‑V600 mutant glioma, an immune‑checkpoint therapy for leptomeningeal spread of non‑small‑cell lung cancer, and a combination of a B7H3‑targeted ADC (Elfe‑D) with a PD‑L1/VEGF‑A bispecific antibody showing promise in advanced solid tumors. Researchers also presented AI‑driven tools designed to improve multidisciplinary decision‑making in cholangiocarcinoma and to enhance pre‑operative communication for prostate cancer patients. In supportive care, a multicenter trial demonstrated that recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) can reduce chemotherapy‑induced low platelet counts and protect heart health. Together, these findings underscore China’s growing role in pioneering therapies and technologies that could reshape cancer treatment worldwide.
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