China is rapidly reshaping lung‑cancer treatment with a wave of home‑grown targeted and immunotherapy drugs. Companies like Beta Pharmaceuticals have moved from filling a domestic gap to earning U.S. FDA approval for their ALK inhibitor, Ensartinib, a first for a Chinese‑developed small‑molecule cancer drug. This milestone, along with inclusion in NCCN guidelines, signals that Chinese biotech can compete globally. While the progress is impressive, experts warn that data from Chinese patients may not translate directly to other ethnic groups. They call for deeper studies on genetic differences, drug sensitivity, and real‑world outcomes across Europe, America and Asia. Integrating multi‑omics—genomics, proteomics, metabolomics—alongside AI‑driven decision tools could personalize therapy even further. A practical takeaway for clinicians is a quick reference list of the major targeted and immunotherapy agents already on the Chinese market or in late‑stage trials. Looking ahead, the field needs stronger data interoperability, multicenter cohort studies, and standardized follow‑up systems to sustain growth. Overall, the surge of innovative Chinese lung‑cancer drugs marks the transition from a large drug‑producing nation to a true pharmaceutical powerhouse poised to influence global cancer care.
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